Most Effective Anti-Aging Treatments for Women Over 35

Words: 2214

Health & Medicine

24th Aug, 2023

References
Appendix A – PICO search terms
Appendix B – Database search record
Appendix C – Table summarizing selected studies

For women aged 35 and above, the face is generally one of the first places to reveal the effects of time. Women over 35 often experience visible signs of skin aging, such as age spots, dry skin, crow’s feet, wrinkles, sagging skin, dark bags under the eyes, and a generally fatigued appearance. One of the most crucial skin-care measures is wearing sunscreen daily, but other measures, such as drinking less alcohol and eating healthier, may also slow the aging process. However, facial masks, injectables & fillers, laser therapy, and other topical therapies are the most frequently used anti-aging treatment procedures for women aged 35 and above (Ahluwalia & Fabi, 2019). The analysis mostly concerned PRP treatment and micro-needling, while the more conservative moisture and facial exercise were used as comparators. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment and micro-needling are two of the most effective anti-aging facials available (Atiyeh et al., 2021). Microneedling is a kind of facial treatment in which excellent needles are used to stimulate the skin’s natural synthesis of collagen. The expected outcomes were successful skin moisture, active daily living, and smoothing of wrinkles.

The inclusion criteria for the specified literature are its relevance (having been published not more than five years ago), and its study being close to the problem of anti-aging. The materials had to be published in peer-reviewed journals as well. While at first it was intended to focus on articles dedicated to the chosen demographic category of women aged 35 and older, the requirements for the studies’ relevance forced the exclusion of this criteria. The necessary number of works could not be achieved otherwise. Naturally, the exclusion criteria for the studies were being not up to date, and the studies’ purpose being too far from the research topic. Another principle for exclusion was the lack of information to fill in the Appendix C, as its graphs require clinical research. Several articles which were otherwise fitting for this paper had to be omitted.

As the result, all of the picked articles are dedicated to different aspects of skin aging. The one notable exception is the work by Ahluwalia & Fabi (2019), which focuses on hair rather that skin. However, as described above, it does provide information on aging treatment, including skin treatment. A part of the article were introductory, such as Tobin’s work (2017), while other included dietary and physical care (Zhang & Duan, 2018; Cao et al., 2020). Other articles provided information on different skin care interventions as well. For example, laser treatments are a resurfacing surgery that may erase the appearance of wrinkles and age spots from the inside out (Holcomb et al., 2022). Hyaluronic acid, which draws water into the skin, and ceramides, which help establish a robust skin barrier, are two essential ingredients in any good moisturizer (Spada et al., 2018). The relevant key words employed in the study are: skin treatment; skin disease; skin aging; skin surgery; and skin health. These key words were used to search for articles via PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Ovid, and Google search, respectively. The yielded results are sufficient to represent the research topic.

In summary, products sold exclusively by dermatological and cosmetic surgery clinics tend to be higher quality and more effective than those sold in drugstores and supermarkets. After utilizing products containing active components like tretinoin, women over 35 should always use a moisturizer. With many new medications being produced which surpass their previous analogues, such as Ceramide cream being better than Dermeze Thick

Cream, Physiogel AI Cream, and CeraVe Moisturizing Lotion, in the future skin care will undoubtedly receive more options.

References

Ahluwalia, J., & Fabi, S. G. (2019). The psychological and aesthetic impact of age-related hair changes in females. Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 18(4), 1161-1169.

Atiyeh, B., Oneisi, A., & Ghieh, F. (2021). Platelet-rich plasma facial rejuvenation: myth or reality?. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, 1-11.

Cao, C., Xiao, Z., Wu, Y., & Ge, C. (2020). Diet and skin aging—From the perspective of food nutrition. Nutrients, 12(3), 870.

Eckhart, L., Tschachler, E., & Gruber, F. (2019). Autophagic control of skin aging. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 7, 143.

Holcomb, J. D., Doolabh, V., Lin, M., & Zimmerman, E. (2022). High energy, double pass helium plasma dermal resurfacing: A prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical study. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine.

Kumar, V., Jain, A., Atre, S., Shome, D., Kapoor, R., Doshi, K., & Vadera, S. (2021). Non-surgical rhinoplasty using hyaluronic acid dermal fillers: A systematic review. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 20(8), 2414-2424.

McDaniel, D., Farris, P., & Valacchi, G. (2018). Atmospheric skin aging—Contributors and inhibitors. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 17(2), 124-137.

Parrado, C., Mercado-Saenz, S., Perez-Davo, A., Gilaberte, Y., Gonzalez, S., & Juarranz, A. (2019). Environmental stressors on skin aging. Mechanistic insights. Frontiers in pharmacology, 10, 759.

Spada, F., Barnes, T. M., & Greive, K. A. (2018). Skin hydration is significantly increased by a cream formulated to mimic the skin’s own natural moisturizing systems. Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology, 11, 491.

Tobin, D. J. (2017). Introduction to skin aging. Journal of tissue viability, 26(1), 37-46.

Zhang, S., & Duan, E. (2018). Fighting against skin aging: the way from bench to bedside. Cell transplantation, 27(5), 729-738.

Appendix A – PICO search terms

Population	Intervention	Comparator	Outcome 1	Outcome 2	Outcome 3
Women over 35 years old	PRP treatment	Moisture*	Skin treatment	Skin Cancer*	Skin Moisture
Women over 35 years old	PRP treatment	Facials exercise*	Wrinkles	ADLs	QOL
Women over 35 years old	Micro-needling	Injection and Fillers*	Crevices	Activity* of daily living	Health-related quality of life
Women over 35 years old	Micro-needling	Moisturizer*	VAS	Hot sun	HRQOL
Women over 35 years old	PRP treatment	Lasers*	Wrinkles		Life Quality

Appendix B – Database search record

Database searched	Keywords used	Search Results
PubMed	Skin Treatment	46247
CINAHL	Skin Disease	256
EMBASE	Skin Aging	2578
Ovid	Skin surgery	965
Google search	Skin Health	7594

Appendix C – Table summarizing selected studies

Authors	Year Published	Title of Study	Research Aim/Objective	Study Design	Population	Intervention	Comparator	Outcome Measures	Results	Conclusion
Tobin, D. J.	2017	Introduction to skin aging	It identifies treatment interventions for the wide variety of external and internal variables that contribute to age-related skin function decline.	RCT. An observer- blinded & mixed- method randomized clinical trial	30 women 35 to 65 years with primary skin wrinkles	High-dose^,supervised low-tech trunk exercise, chiropractic soft tissue massage, & short course home exercise & self-ca advice or treatment _of LBP	High-dose supervised low-tech trunk exercise and chiro SMT	Reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, telomere shortening, and hormonal changes are all factors in skin aging.	It is possible that the hair follicle, with its assortment of epithelial, mesenchymal, neural, and other stem cells, is the unsung hero of skin regeneration in this case.	We have also come a long way in comprehending the skin’s fantastic investment in stem cell subpopulations, which contributes to its impressive regeneration potential. The ultimate goal is to create innovative methods of selectively boosting the skin’s natural ability to heal wounds.
Eckhart, L., Tschachler, E., & Gruber, F.	2019	Autophagic Control of Skin Aging	Preservation of this skin membrane throughout aging requires regulated responses to diverse forms of stress, the constant renewal of the epithelium compartment, and the equilibrium of long-lived cell sorts.	Laboratory experiment	Laboratory cells research	Degradation of mesenchymal cells and extracellular (ECM) changes are hallmarks of aging, and autophagy has been shown to play an essential role in the dermis.	Cell study in skin components	New experimental data reveals that autophagy plays a crucial role in skin homeostasis and that abnormalities in autophagy are connected with and contribute to skin aging. Autophagy is codominant throughout the cornification of keratinocytes in the outer skin epithelium, which enhances resilience to environmental stress.	Long-lived skin cells like melanocytes, Merkel cells, and secretory cells of sweat glands rely on autophagy for cellular homeostasis and the ordinary implementation of their operations during aging. However, the rapidly renewing epidermal epithelium can tolerate experimental marginalization of autophagy in the nonattendance of stress.	To keep this barrier intact as we age, we need coordinated responses to several stressors, constant renewal of the epithelium compartment, and homeostasis of long-lived cell kinds.
Zhang, S., & Duan, E.	2018	Fighting against Skin Aging: The Way from Bench to Bedside	Alterations in skin aging, scientific breakthroughs of the molecular processes contributing to these modifications, and the therapeutic techniques targeted at preventing or curing skin aging	Laboratory experiment	Laboratory cells research	Degradation of mesenchymal cells and extracellular (ECM) changes are hallmarks of aging, and autophagy has been shown to play an essential role in the dermis.	Cell study in skin components	the aging process is associated with phenotypic modifications in cutaneous cells and morphological and functional alterations in extracellular matrix constituents like collagens and elastin.	Skin aging is defined by traits such as wrinkles, loss of suppleness, laxity, and rough-textured look	As the most generative organ of the organism vulnerable to the outside world, the skin experiences both inherent and extrinsic aging processes.
Cao, C., Xiao, Z., Wu, Y., & Ge, C.	2020	Diet and Skin Aging—From the Perspective of Food Nutrition	Techniques for keeping skin young and healthy.	A search of the CINAHL database (from January 2004 to March 2014) for the phrases “aging” and “skin.”	Skin structure study	Many internal and external elements contribute to the aging of the skin, which is a complicated biological process that may be broken down into two distinct types: chronological aging and photo-aging.	CINAHL Cell study and skin components	People have come to appreciate diet’s significance to skin health as a primary source of energy and nutrients for the body.	The effects of food-borne antioxidants on skin damage are discussed, along with the skin’s structure, the signs of aging, probable processes, the current state of the study, the difficulties encountered, and the potential future directions of diet management.	Finding efficient and safe treatments to cure skin aging is urgently needed due to the tremendous advancement of medicine in extending human life and the growing degradation of environmental circumstances.
McDaniel, D., Farris, P., & Valacchi, G.	2018	Atmospheric skin aging—Contributors and inhibitors	This review proposes new directions for future studies into the prevention and therapy of accelerated skin aging due to atmospheric aggressors like UVA, UVB, visible light, infrared radiation (IR), and ozone.	A study from Google search	20 over 35 years old and above women	Skin aging is a complex biological mechanism that may be divided into two categories: chronological wearing and photo-aging, both of which are affected by both internal and external factors.	Google skin study, Sun rays radiation	Sunlight’s ultraviolet (UV) rays, especially those in the UVB (290-320 nm) and UVA (320-400 nm) ranges, have been linked to a wide range of skin problems, including cancer. In addition to the photodamage induced by ultraviolet (UV) light, the role of visible light (400-700 nm) and thermal radiation (above 800 nm) in producing skin damage has been evident in recent years. Air contamination (smog, ozone, particle matter, etc.) is another environmental component linked to skin aging before its time.	The oxidative damage to cellular components, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, that results from environmental exposure is mainly related to a complicated cascade of events inside the skin that is begun by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These compromised cells then create inflammatory reactions that further damage the skin after prolonged exposure.	New treatment approaches are being explored to counteract the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS) to avoid skin damage from environmental causes. The use of sunscreens to shield the skin from the sun is well established; however, alternative methods employing topically applied substances, especially antioxidants that permeate the skin and protect it from the inside out, have also been reported.
Parrado, C., Mercado-Saenz, S., Perez-Davo, A., Gilaberte, Y., Gonzalez, S., & Juarranz, A.	2019	Environmental Stressors on Skin Aging. Mechanistic Insights	This article discusses the effect of broad and narrow environmental stresses on skin aging (lifestyle, occupation, pollutants, and light exposure).	EMBASE online search	50 over 35 years old women’s skin study	We looked at outside pollution, indoor pollution from non-burning sources, and outdoor and indoor light exposure (ultraviolet radiation and blue and red light).	Environmental stressors of skin	All of these external and internal factors contribute to skin aging. They also have deleterious effects on the skin and raise the danger of cutaneous disorders, including skin cancer.	We have mainly looked at three types of pollution: those in the general environment, those produced in the home without combustion, and those produced by contact with sunlight (ultraviolet radiation and blue and red light). We look at how these environmental stresses might lead to premature skin aging and disease by exploring the cellular processes involved.	Consider the significance of understanding the mechanics behind developing novel medicines to keep skin healthy as we age and treat skin illnesses and how environmental stress components may mix with UV radiation to produce cell damage.
Spada, F., Barnes, T. M., & Greive, K. A.	2018	Skin hydration is significantly increased by a cream formulated to mimic the skin’s own natural moisturizing systems	To assess the effect of a newly formulated moisturizer (referred to as Ceramide cream) on skin hydration as measured by corneometry in indi- viduals with normal skin compared to three reference OTC moisturizers available in Australia.	Laboratory experiment	Healthy men and women aged between 18 and 70 years	A total of 0.2 mL of Ceramide cream was placed onto a semi-occlusive, hypoallergenic patch. The patch was then affixed directly to the skin of the infrascapular regions of the back	Three reference moistur- izers including: Dermeze Thick Cream Physiogel AI Cream and CeraVe Moisturizing Lotion	The area of erythema and edema was measured. Edema was estimated by the evalu- ation of the skin in respect to the contour of the unaffected normal skin. Reactions were scored just before applications two through nine and at the next test date following appli- cation nine.	eramide cream showed the greatest increase in hydration compared to the bare skin control at 2 through to 24 hours post-application compared to the three reference moisturizers and placebo	The effect of Ceramide cream on enhancing skin barrier function and hydration might be explained by its unique ingredients. Specifically, PCA and Lactic acid.
Holcomb, J. D., Doolabh, V., Lin, M., & Zimmerman, E.	2022	High energy, double pass helium plasma dermal resurfacing: A prospective, multicenter, single‐arm clinical study	To demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of high energy (40% power), double pass HPDR treatment of facial skin.	Multi‐center clinical study	People with a facial wrinkle score ≥4 on the Fitzpatrick Wrinkle and Elastosis Scale, a Fitzpatrick Skin Scale score ≤III.	Helium plasma dermal resurfacing (HPDR), a novel skin resurfacing technology	Three‐month posttreatment Fitzpatrick Wrinkle and Elastosis Scale (FWS) scores were compared to baseline scores	Fitzpatrick Wrinkle and Elastosis Scale (FWS)	Blinded IPRs and study investigators observed a ≥1‐point FWS improvement in 100% of subjects with mean change in IPR FWS from baseline to the 90‐day visit of −3.6 (±1.2). 96.4% of subjects indicated “improvement” in appearance	Treatment of facial rhytids with high energy, double pass HPDR enables a marked improvement in FWS that parallels or surpasses competing technologies.

References

Appendix A – PICO search terms

Appendix B – Database search record

Appendix C – Table summarizing selected studies

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