Introduction
The chosen scholarly article highlights the need for new COVID-19 vaccinations and provides two novel vaccine options in their study. Both vaccines’ phase 3 trials contained a sample size and the confidence intervals used to assess vaccination effectiveness.
Discussion
The confidence interval for the recombinant plant-based vaccination was 69.5% (95% CI, 56.7 to 78.8) (Nohynek & Wilder-Smith, 2022, para. 6). The confidence interval for the RBD-dimer-based vaccine was 75.7% (95% CI, 71.0 to 79.8) (Nohynek & Wilder-Smith, 2022, para. 6). The confidence interval is a measure of the estimate’s accuracy. A 95% confidence interval suggests that if the same research were performed 100 times, the real value of vaccination effectiveness would fall within the confidence interval range 95% of the time.
In response to Cayla’s post, the confidence interval in the study was most likely estimated using the conventional confidence interval calculation, CI = x (t*s/n). The article contains mathematical concepts such as the idea of a sample mean, sample variance, level of freedom, and confidence interval. Furthermore, the paper explores the concept of statistical significance, which is the probability that the observed results are not the result of randomness.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the confidence interval presented in the study was calculated by taking the sample size, the estimated odds ratio, and the corresponding standard error and constructing a confidence interval based on the formula for a 95% confidence interval. The mathematical concepts that can be extracted from this article include the use of odds ratios to measure the risk of an event. Moreover, the paper uses the idea of randomness when using a sample size to make inferences about a population and the use of confidence intervals to measure the accuracy of an estimate.
Reference
Nohynek, H., & Wilder-Smith, A. (2022). Does the world still need new Covid-19 vaccines? New England Journal of Medicine, 386(22), 2140–2142. Web.